Philippine evidence overwhelmingly favors an initial consonant of *g- and an intervocalic *-r-. It is only on the basis of Formosan evidence (Proto =-Rukai *ma-roɖaŋə ‘adult/old person’) that the etymology PAN Rudaŋ ‘old, of people’ can be justified. Based on the Ilokano form (which may be a CPh loan), Conant’s (1911:78&passim) “stereotyped Philippine g” seems to have operated. The shift in accent (which was originally on the penult as a root) shifted to the ultima to show ‘stative’, ‘state achieved’ or ‘currently relevant’. Note that several languages have accent pairs. The superscript dagger (†) marks this as a “maverick” (Mahdi:1994) or false etymology.
PPH (?) ~ PGCP †gúrâŋ
old (of people)
Ilokano	guráŋ	old, mature (animal)
Hanunoo	gúraŋ	age; old, referring especially to people
Tagalog	gúlaŋ	age; old, of age
 	ma-gúlaŋ	parent, father or mother; mature, of age, full-grown
 	ka-guláŋ-an	maturity
 	mag-ka-siŋ-gúlaŋ	all of the same age
 	g<um>úlaŋ	to become mature; become older
 	guláŋ-an	to take advantage of s.o. who has not had much experience
	guráŋ-un	old person, elder
Bikol	guráŋ	old (humans, animals); aged, old
 	mag-guráŋ	to grow old
 	ma-gúraŋ	parents
 	ma-gu-gúraŋ	conservative, traditional; out of date; also used to refer to the stories told by old people
 	ka-guráŋ-an	old age
 	ka-guraŋ-nán	the Lord, the Almighty
Masbatenyo	gúraŋ	old, aged
 	ma-gúraŋ	oldest
 	ka-ma-guráŋ-an	group of older siblings
Waray	gúraŋ	old; matured; adult; of majority age
Hiligaynon	gúlaŋ	age, maturity
 	mag-gúlaŋ	to be old, to become mature, to ripen (as fruit)
Romblomanon	ma-guyáŋ	old (person)
Asi’	ma-guyáŋ 	old (person)
Cebuano	gúlaŋ	old in age; mature; to grow old; for fruit to become mature
 	a-guláŋ	title for an old man or woman; old man or woman
 	ma-guláŋ	elder sibling; older than s.o; a little more than s.t. compared to
 	ka-guláŋ-un	age
 	ka-ma-guláŋ-an	eldest among a given group; first-born
 	kati-guláŋ-an	old folks; ancestors
 	guláŋ-un	elderly
Aklanon	gúeaŋ	to get older
 	ma-gúeaŋ	old, elder
 	ma-gueáŋ	elder sibling
 	ka-gueáŋ-an	forest
 	ka-gueaŋ-án	eldest, oldest
 	m<in>a-gueáŋ	relating to older people or ways; “of the older generation”; “adult way”
Kinaray-a	ma-guráŋ	old, aged (person)
Tausug	gulaŋ	(of people, fruit, etc.) old, matured
	ma-gulaŋ [1]*	older than, elderly
	ma-gulaŋ [2]*	an older sibling
*  Differentiated by accent in Aklanon, Cebuano, and several other languages.
	ka-ma-gulaŋ-an	oldest (of a set of siblings)
	piyag-gulaŋ-an	(for s.o.) to be older (than s.o. else)
Binukid Manobo	ma-gulaŋ	old in age; adult (person); mature (fruit)
Kagayanen Manobo	guλaŋ	old (person)
Central Mindanao Manobo	mə-huraŋ	old (person)
Western Bukidnon	mə-ɣuraŋ	an old person; old