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On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Go to top.

Contents
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(Top)

1Classification

2Phonology

2.1Vowels

2.2Consonants

3Grammar

3.1Pronouns

3.2Verbs

3.3Affixes

4Vocabulary

4.1Cognates with Philippine languages

4.2Japanese loanwords

4.3Chinese loanwords

5See also

6References

7Sources

8Further reading

9External links

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Yami language

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Austronesian language spoken on Orchid Island, Taiwan

Yami
ciciring no Tao
Native to | Taiwan
Ethnicity | Tao

Native speakers

about 4000 (2012)[1]

Language family

Austronesian

Malayo-Polynesian

Philippine

Batanic

Yami–Itbayat

Yami

Language codes
ISO 639-3 | tao
Glottolog | yami1254
ELP | Tao
Linguasphere | 31-CAA-a

Yami language is classified as Vulnerable by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger

Yami

Orchid Island in Taiwan

Yami

Yami (Southeast Asia)

Show map of TaiwanShow map of Southeast AsiaShow all

Coordinates: 22°03′N 121°32′E / 22.050°N 121.533°E / 22.050; 121.533Coordinates: 22°03′N 121°32′E / 22.050°N 121.533°E / 22.050; 121.533

Yami language (Chinese: 雅美語), also known as Tao language (Chinese: 達悟語), is a Malayo-Polynesian language spoken by the Tao people of Orchid Island, 46 kilometers southeast of Taiwan. It is a member of the Ivatan dialect continuum.

Yami is known as ciriciring no Tao 'human speech' by its native speakers. Native speakers prefer the 'Tao' name.[1]

Classification[edit]

Yami and the other Batanic languages

Yami is the only native language of Taiwanese aborigines that is not a member of the Formosan grouping of Austronesian; it is one of the Batanic languages also found in the northern Philippines, and as such is part of the Malayo-Polynesian branch of Austronesian.

Phonology[edit]

Yami has 20 consonants and 4 vowels:[2]

Vowels[edit]

| Front | Central | Back
Close | i | |
Mid | | ə | o
Open | | a |

/o/ can be heard as [ʊ] after labial stop consonants.

Iraralay Yami, spoken on the north coast, distinguishes between geminative consonants (e.g., opa 'thigh' vs. oppa 'hen' form one such minimal pair).[3]

Consonants[edit]

Yami consonants

| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Retroflex | Velar | Uvular | Glottal
Nasal | m | n | | | ŋ | |

Plosive/
Affricate

voiceless

p

t

t͡ʃ

k

(q)

ʔ

voiced | b | | d͡ʒ | ɖ | ɡ | |
Fricative | v | | | ʂ | | ʁ | (ɦ)
Approximant | | l | j | ɻ | w | |
Trill | | r | | | | |

/k ʁ/ can also be heard as sounds [q ɦ] when between vowel /a/ intervocalically.

Sounds /n l ʂ/ can be heard as sounds [ɲ ɮ ʃ] before /i/.

Grammar[edit]

Pronouns[edit]

The following set of pronouns is found in the Yami language.[4]

Yami pronouns

| Nominative | Genitive | Locative
free | bound | free | bound
1st person singular | yaken | ko | niaken | ko | jiaken
2nd person singular | imo | ka | nimo | mo | jimo
3rd person singular | iya | ya | nia | na | jia
1st person plural inclusive | yaten | ta, tamo, takamo | niaten | ta | jiaten
1st person plural exclusive | yamen | namen | niamen | namen | jiamen
2nd person plural | inio | kamo, kanio | ninio | nio | jinio
3rd person plural | sira | sia | nira | da | jira

Verbs[edit]

The following list are verbal inflections found in Yami.[5]

Dynamic intransitive

-om-/om- (subjunctive: N-)

mi-

ma-

maN-

maka-

maci-/masi-/macika-/macipa-

Stative

ma- (subjunctive: a-)

ka- ... -an (subjunctive: ka- ... -i)

Dynamic

pi-

pa-

paN- (subjunctive: maN-)

paka- (subjunctive: maka-)

paci- (subjunctive: maci-)

Transitive

-en (subjunctive: -a)

-an (subjunctive: -i)

i- (subjunctive: -an)

Stative functioning as transitive

ma- (subjunctive: a- ... -a)

ka- ... -an (subjunctive: a- ... -a)

Affixes[edit]

The following is a list of affixes found in Yami.[6]

icia- 'fellows such and such who share the same features or fate'

ikeyka- 'even more so'

ika- 'feel such and such because...'

ika- 'ordinal number'

ipi- 'multiple number'

ji a- 'negation or emphatic'

ka- 'company, as ... as, abstract noun'

ka- 'and then, just now, only'

ka- 'stative verb prefix reappearing in forming transitive verbs'

ka- (reduplicated root) 'very'

ka- (reduplicated root) 'animals named after certain features'

ka- ... -an 'common noun'

ma- ... -en 'love to do such and such'

mapaka- 'pretend to be such and such'

mapi- 'do such and such as an occupation'

mi-/mala- 'kinship relationships in a group of two or three'

mika-/mapika-/ipika- 'all, gradually, one by one'

mala- 'taste or look like...'

mipa- 'getting more and more...'

mipipa- 'even more...'

mapi-/mapa-/pa- ... -en/ipa- 'causative verb affixes'

ni- 'perfective'

ni- ... na 'superlative'

noka- 'past'

noma- 'future (remote)'

sicia- 'present'

sima- 'future (proximal)'

tey- 'direction'

tey- 'very, too'

tey- (reduplicated root) 'amount allocated to each unit

Vocabulary[edit]

This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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Cognates with Philippine languages[edit]

English | Yami | Tagalog/Ilokano/Visayan, etc.
Person | tao | tao (Tagalog), tawo (Cebuano Vis., Bicol)
Mother | ina | ina (Tagalog)[7]
Father | ama | ama (Tagalog), ama (Ilokano)[8]
Head | oo | ulo (Tagalog), ulu (Cebuano), olo (Ilokano)[9]
Yes | nohon | oho (Pandan Bikol, Bikol Sentral)
Friend | kagagan | kaibigan[what language is this?]
who | sino | sino, sin-o (Hiligaynon Vis.), hin-o (Waray Vis.)
they | sira | sila (Tagalog), sira/hira (Waray Vis.)
their | nira | nila[what language is this?]
offspring | anak | anak (Cebuano Vis.), anak (Hiligaynon Vis.), anak (Ilokano), anak (Tagalog)
I (pronoun) | ko | ko, -ko (Ilokano)
you | ka | ka, -ka (Ilokano)
day | araw | araw, aldaw (Ilokano), adlaw (Cebuano Vis.)
eat | kanen | kain, kanen (Ilokano), kaon (all Visayan)
drink | inomen | inumin, inomen (Ilokano)
speech | ciriciring | chirichirin[what language is this?] (Itbayaten Ivatan), siling (Hiligaynon Vis., 'say'), siring (Waray Vis., 'say')
and | aka | saka (Bikol Sentral, Calabanga variant) (historically "saka asin")
ouch | Ananay | Aray, Agay (Cebuano Vis.), Annay (Ilokano)
home | vahay | bahay, balay (Ilokano, Cebuano Vis.)
piglet | viik | biik (Tagalog)
goat | kadling | kambing, kanding (Cebuano Vis.), kalding (Ilokano)
stone | vato | bato (Tagalog, all Visayan, etc.)
town | ili | ili (Ilokano)
one | ása | isa (Tagalog, Hiligaynon Vis.), maysa (Ilokano), usa (Cebuano Vis.)
two | dóa (raroa) | dalawa (Tagalog), duha (Cebuano), dua (Ilokano)
three | tílo | tatlo, tulo/tuto (Cebuano Vis.), tallo (Ilokano)
four | ápat | apat (Tagalog, Hiligaynon Vis.), upat (Cebuano Vis.), uppat (Ilokano)
five | líma | lima (Cebuano Vis.), lima (Hiligaynon Vis.), lima (Ilokano), lima (Tagalog)[10]
six | ánem | anim (Tagalog), innem (Ilokano), unom (Cebuano Vis.), anum (Hiligaynon Vis.)
seven | píto | pito[what language is this?]
eight | wáo | walo[what language is this?]
nine | síam | siyam, siam (Ilokano)
ten | póo | sampu (Tagalog), sangapulo (Ilokano), napulo[what language is this?] (all Visayan)

Japanese loanwords[edit]

English | Yami | Japanese
Airplane | sikoki | hikouki (飛行機)
Alcohol | saki | sake (酒)
Battleship | gengkang | gunkan (軍艦)
Bible | seysio | seisho (聖書)
Christ | Kizisto | kirisuto (キリスト)
Doctor | koysang | o-isha-san? (お医者さん)
Flashlight | dingki | denki (電気)
Holy Spirit | seyzi | seirei (聖霊)
Key | kagi | kagi (鍵)
Medicine | kosozi | kusuri (薬)
Monkey | sazo | saru (猿)
Motorcycle | otobay | ōtobai (オートバイ; 'auto bike')
Police | kisat | keisatsu (警察)
School | gako | gakkō (学校)
School bag | kabang | kaban (鞄)
Teacher | sinsi | sensei (先生)
Ticket | kipo | kippu (切符)
Truck | tozako | torakku (トラック; 'truck')

Chinese loanwords[edit]

English | Yami | Mandarin Chinese
Wine | potaw cio | pútáojiǔ (葡萄酒)

See also[edit]

Languages of Taiwan

Taiwanese aborigines

Tao people

Batanic languages

Ivatan language

References[edit]

^ Jump up to: a b Rau & Dong 2006, p. 79

^ Rau & Dong 2006, pp. 79–80

^ Rau & Dong 2006, p. 81

^ Rau & Dong 2006, p. 123

^ Rau & Dong 2006, p. 135

^ Rau & Dong 2006, p. 135–136

^ "ACD - Austronesian Comparative Dictionary - Cognate Sets - I".

^ "amax father". ACD. Retrieved 30 December 2022.

^ "quluh head". ACD. Retrieved 30 December 2022.

^ "lima five". ACD. Retrieved 30 December 2022.

Sources[edit]

Rau, D. Victoria; Dong, Maa-Neu (2006). 達悟語：語料、參考語法、及詞彙/ Yami Texts with Reference Grammar and Dictionary (PDF) (in Chinese and English). Taipei: Academia Sinica.

Rau, D. Victoria 何德華; Dong, Maa-Neu 董瑪女; Chang, Ann Hui-Huan 張惠環 (2012). Dáwù yǔ cídiǎn / Yami (Tao) Dictionary 達悟語詞典 / Yami (Tao) Dictionary (in Chinese and English). Taibei shi: Guoli taiwan daxue chuban zhongxin. ISBN 978-986-03-2519-5.

Rau, Der-Hwa 何德華; Dong, Maa-Neu 董瑪女 (2018). Dáwù yǔ yǔfǎ gàilùn 達悟語語法概論 [Introduction to Tao Grammar] (in Chinese). Xinbei shi: Yuanzhu minzu weiyuanhui. ISBN 978-986-05-5695-7 – via alilin.apc.gov.tw.

Further reading[edit]

Lai, Li-Fang; Gooden, Shelome (2016). Acoustic Cues to Prosodic Boundaries in Yami: A First Look. Proceedings of Speech Prosody 8, May 31 – June 3, Boston, USA. doi:10.21437/SpeechProsody.2016-128.

Lai, Li-Fang; Gooden, Shelome (2015). What Does the Question Sound Like: Exploring Wh- and Yes/No Interrogative Prosody in Yami. ICPhS.

Lai, Li-Fang; Gooden, Shelome (2018). Tonal Hybridization in Yami-Mandarin Contact. Proceedings of the 6th Tonal Aspects of Languages. ISCA. doi:10.21437/TAL.2018-7.

External links[edit]

Yami language test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator

Yami wordlists at the Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: language.psy.auckland.ac.nz/austronesian/language.php?id=254, language.psy.auckland.ac.nz/austronesian/language.php?id=335 Archived 2015-01-13 at the Wayback Machine

Yami Language Documentation Project website – hosted by Providence University, Taiwan

Online Yami language course – hosted by Providence University, Taiwan

Yami Dictionary Project website Archived 2021-02-26 at the Wayback Machine – hosted by Providence University, Taiwan

Yuán zhù mínzú yǔyán xiànshàng cídiǎn 原住民族語言線上詞典 (in Chinese) – Yami search page at the "Aboriginal language online dictionary" website of the Indigenous Languages Research and Development Foundation

Yami teaching and leaning materials published by the Council of Indigenous Peoples of Taiwan Archived 2021-11-04 at the Wayback Machine

Yami translation of President Tsai Ing-wen's 2016 apology to indigenous people – published on the website of the presidential office

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Mori Atas

Padoe

Rahambuu

Tolaki

Tomadino

Waru

Wawonii

Muna–Buton

Bonerate

Busoa

Cia-Cia

Kaimbulawa

Kumbewaha

Lasalimu

Liabuku

Muna

Pancana

Tukang Besi

Saluan–Banggai

Andio

Balantak

Banggai

Batui

Bobongko

Saluan

Tomini–Tolitoli

Balaesang

Boano

Dampelas

Dondo

Lauje

Pendau

Taje

Tajio

Tomini

Totoli

Kaili–Wolio *

Kaili–Pamona

Kaili

Mbelala

Moma

Pamona

Rampi

Sarudu

Sedoa

Topoiyo

Uma

Badaic ?

Bada

Behoa

Napu

Wotu–Wolio

Kalao

Kamaru

Laiyolo

Wolio

Wotu

South Sulawesi

Bugis

Buginese

Campalagian

Embaloh ?

Taman

Makassaric

Makassarese

Bentong

Coastal Konjo

Highland Konjo

Selayar

Seko

Budong-Budong

Panasuan

Seko Padang

Seko Tengah

Northern

Mamuju

Mandar

Aralle-Tabulahan

Bambam

Dakka

Pannei

Ulumandaʼ

Duri

Enrekang

Maiwa

Malimpung

Kalumpang

Mamasa

Pattae'

Lawa

Talondoʼ ?

Toraja-Saʼdan

Lemolang

Isolates

Chamorro

Palauan

show
Central Malayo-Polynesian languages

Bima

Bima

Sumba–Flores

Sumba–Hawu

Savu

Hawu

Dhao

Sumba

Kambera

Mamboru

Anakalangu

Wanukaka

Pondok

Baliledo

Wejewa

Lamboya

Kodi

Gaura

Western Flores

Komodo

Manggarai

Riung

Rembong

Rajong

Kepoʼ

Wae Rana

Palu'e

Ende

Lio

Nagé-Kéo

Ngadha

Rongga

Soʼa

Flores–Lembata

Sika

Kedang

Lamaholot

Lamaholot

Alorese

Lamatuka

Lewo Eleng

Levuka

South Lembata

Lamalera

Lewotobi

Adonara

Ile Ape

Mingar

Selaru

Selaru

Seluwasan

Kei–Tanimbar ?

Kei

Fordata

Yamdena

Onin

Sekar

Uruangnirin

Aru

Barakai

Batuley

Dobel

Karey

Koba

Kola

Lola

Lorang

Manombai

Mariri

Tarangan

Ujir

Timoric *

Helong

Tetum

Uab Meto

Amarasi

Central Timor *

Kemak

Tukudede

Mambai

Bekais

Wetar–Galoli ?

Wetar

Galoli

Kawaimina

Kairui

Waimoa

Midiki

Naueti ?

Habun ?

Luangic–Kisaric ?

Romang

Kisar

Leti

Luang

Makuva

Rote–Meto *

Bilba

Dengka

Lole

Ringgou

Dela-Oenale

Termanu

Tii

Babar

Idalaka

West Damar

Dawera-Daweloor

North Babar

Dai

Masela

Serili

Southeast Babar

Emplawas

Imroing

Telaʼa

Southwest Maluku

East Damar

Teun

Nila

Serua

Kowiai ?

Kowiai

Central Maluku *

Teor-Kur

West

Ambelau

Buru

Lisela

Hukumina †

Moksela †

Sula

Mangole

Taliabo

East

Banda

Bati

Geser

Watubela

Bobot

Masiwang

Hoti †

Benggoi

Salas

Liana

Nunusaku

Kayeli †

Nuaulu

Huaulu

Manusela

Wemale

Yalahatan

Piru Bay ?

Asilulu

Luhu

Manipa

Wakasihu

Boano

Sepa-Teluti

Paulohi

Kaibobo

Hitu

Tulehu

Laha

Seit-Kaitetu

Kamarian †

Haruku

Amahai

Nusa Laut

Saparua

Latu

show
Eastern Malayo-Polynesian languages

SHWNG

Tandia †

Mor

Waropen

Warembori ?

Yoke ?

Halmahera Sea

Ambel–Biga

Ambel

Biga

Maya–Matbat

Ma'ya

Matbat

Maden

Maden

Fiawat

As

As

South Halmahera

Gane

Taba

Buli

Maba

Patani

Sawai

Gebe

Cenderawasih

Biakic

Biak

Dusner †

Meoswar

Roon

Yapen

Ambai

Ansus

Marau

Wamesa

Wooi

Munggui

Papuma

Pom

Serui-Laut

Kurudu

Wabo

Southwest

Yaur

Yerisiam

Umar

Oceanic

Admiralty

Yapese ?

Eastern

Manus

Baluan-Pam

Lenkau

Lou

Nauna

Penchal

Western

Northern Kaniet †

Southern Kaniet †

Seimat

Wuvulu

Aua

Saint Matthias

Mussau-Emira

Tenis

Temotu

Utupua

Amba

Asumboa

Tanimbili

Vanikoro

Teanu

Lovono

Tanema

Reefs–Santa Cruz

Äiwoo

Engdewu / Nanggu

Natügu / Santa Cruz

Nalögo

Noipx

Southeast
Solomonic

Gela–Guadalcanal

Bugotu

Gela

Lengo

Birao

Ghari

Malango

Talise

Malaita–
San Cristobal

Longgu

Sa'a

Arosi

Fagani

Bauro

Kahua

Owa

Marau Wawa ? †

Toʼabaita

Baelelea

Baeggu

Fataleka

Lau

Kwara'ae

Wala

Gula'alaa

Kwaio

Dori'o

ꞋAreꞌare

Oroha

Western
Oceanic

Meso–
Melanesian

Willaumez

Bola

Bulu

Meramera

Nakanai

Bali-Vitu

Bali

Vitu

New Ireland–
Northwest
Solomonic

Tungag–Nalik

Kara

Laxudumau

Nalik

Tiang

Tigak

Tungag

Tabar

Lihir

Madara

Notsi

Madak

Barok

Lavatbura–Lamusong

Madak

St. George

Bilur

Fanamaket

Guramalum †

Kandas

Konomala

Label

Lungalunga

Niwer Mil

Patpatar

Ramoaaina

Siar

Sursurunga

Tangga

Tolai

Northwest
Solomonic

Babatana

Bannoni

Blablanga

Cheke Holo

Gao

Ghanongga

Hahon

Hakö

Halia

Hoava

Kazukuru †

Kokota

Kusaghe

Laghu †

Lungga

Marovo

Mono-Alu

Nduke

Nehan

Papapana

Petats

Piva

Ririo

Roviana

Saposa

Simbo

Solos

Teop

Tinputz

Torau

Ughele

Uruava †

Vaghua

Vangunu

Varisi

Zabana

Zazao

Tomoip

North
New Guinea

Sarmi–
Jayapura ?

Anus

Bonggo

Kayupulau

Liki

Masimasi

Ormu

Podena

Kaptiau

Sobei

Tarpia

Tobati

Wakde

Yamna

Schouten

Arop-Sissano

Sera

Sissano

Ulau-Suain

Tumleo

Yakamul

Kaiep

Kairiru

Terebu

Biem

Kis

Manam

Medebur

Sepa

Wogeo

Huon Gulf

Bukawa

Kela

Yabem

Aribwatsa †

Aribwaung

Adzera

Dangal

Duwet

Labu

Maralango

Mari

Musom

Nafi

Silisili

Wampar

Wampur

Hote

Iwal

Kapin

Kumalu

Mangga Buang

Mapos Buang

Mumeng

Piu

Vehes

Yamap

Numbami

Ngero–Vitiaz

Bariai

Gitua

Kove

Lusi

Malalamai

Mutu

Awad Bing

Bilibil

Gedaged

Marik

Matukar

Mindiri

Takia

Wab

Lamogai

Mouk-Aria

Aigon

Karore

Kaulong †

Miu

Sengseng

Aiklep

Akolet

Apalik

Avau

Bebeli

Gimi

Lesing-Gelimi

Mangseng

Solong

Lote

Mamusi

Mengen

Arop-Lukep

Karnai

Malasanga

Mur Pano

Mato

Ronji

Amara

Maleu

Mbula

Sio

Tami

Papuan Tip

Nuclear

ʼAuhelawa

Buhutu

Bwanabwana

Oya'oya

Saliba

Suau

Unubahe

Wagawaga

Bwaidoka

Diodio

Iamalele

Iduna

Koluwawa

Maiadomu

Bunama

Boselewa

Dobu

Duau

Galeya

Molima

Mwatebu

Sewa Bay

Dawawa

Kakabai

Are

Arifama-Miniafia

Doga

Gapapaiwa

Ghayavi

Kaninuwa

Ubir

Gweda

Haigwai

Maiwala

Minaveha

Taupota

Tawala

Yakaikeke

Anuki

Gumawana

Kilivila–Misima

Budibud

Kilivila

Misima

Muyuw

Nimoa–Sudest

Nimoa

Sudest

Southern
Oceanic

North
Vanuatu

Torres–Banks

Dorig

Hiw

Koro

Lakon

Lehali

Lemerig

Lo-Toga

Löyöp

Mota

Mwerlap

Mwesen

Mwotlap

Nume

Olrat

Vera’a

Volow

Vurës

Maewo–Ambae–
North Pentecost

Baetora

Duidui

Northeast Ambae

Raga

Sun̄wadaga

Sun̄wadia

South Pentecost

Apma

Sa

Ske

Sowa †

Espiritu Santo

Akei

Aore †

Araki

Cape Cumberland

Nokuku

Kiai

M̈av̈ea

Merei-Tiale

Mores

Sakao

Shark Bay

Tamambo

Tangoa

Tasiriki

Tolomako

Tutuba

Wusi

Nuclear
Southern
Oceanic

Central Vanuatu

Aulua

Avok

Axamb

Baki

Banam Bay

Bierebo

Bieria

Dirak

Lamen

Larëvat

Lendamboi

Lewo

Maii

Malua Bay

Maskelynes

Mpotovoro

Naha’ai

Nakanamanga

Namakir

Naman

Nasarian

Navava

Neve’ei

Nevwervwer

Nguna

Ninde

North Ambrym

Northeast Malakula

Pangkumu

Port Sandwich

Sinesip

South Ambrym

South Efate

Tape

Unua

Vao

V’ënen Taut

Vovo

West Ambrym

South Vanuatu

Erromango

Erromanga / Sie

Sorung †

Ura

Utaha / Ifo †

Tanna

Kwamera / South Tanna

Lenakel / West Tanna

North Tanna

Southwest Tanna

Whitesands / East Tanna

Aneityum

Loyalties–
New Caledonia

Loyalty Islands

Drehu

Iaai

Nengone

New Caledonian

Southern

Ajië

Arhâ

Arhö

Ndrumbea

Neku

Numèè

Orowe

Tîrî

Xârâcùù

Xârâgurè

Zire †

Northern

Bwatoo

Caac

Cèmuhî

Fwâi

Haeke

Haveke

Hmwaveke

Jawe

Kumak

Nemi

Nyâlayu

Paicî

Pije

Pwaamei

Pwapwâ

Vamale

Waamwang †

Yuanga

Micronesian

Nauruan

Nuclear
Micronesian

Gilbertese

Kosraean

Marshallese

Chuukic–
Pohnpeic

Chuukic

Carolinian

Chuukese

Mapia †

Mortlockese

Namonuito

Pááfang

Puluwatese

Satawalese

Sonsorol

Tanapag

Tobian

Ulithian

Woleaian

Pohnpeic

Mokilese

Ngatikese

Pingelapese

Pohnpeian

Central
Pacific

West

Namosi-Naitasiri-Serua

Rotuman

Western Fijian

East

Fijian

Gone Dau

Lauan

Lomaiviti

Polynesian

Nuclear
Polynesian

Kapingamarangi

Nuguria

Nukumanu

Nukuoro

Ontong Java

Sikaiana

Takuu

Tuvaluan

Samoic

Niuatoputapu †

Samoan

Tokelauan

Eastern

Austral

Cook Islands Māori

Hawaiian

Mangareva

Māori

Moriori †

Marquesan

Penrhyn

Rakahanga-Manihiki

Rapa

Rapa Nui

Tahitian

Tuamotuan

Futunic

Anuta

Emae

Futuna-Aniwa / West Futunan

Futunan / East Futunan

Mele-Fila

Pukapukan

Rennellese

Tikopia

Wallisian / East Uvean

West Uvean

Tongic

Niuafoʻou ?

Niuean

Tongan

* indicates proposed status

? indicates classification dispute

† indicates extinct status

show

v

t

e

Languages of Taiwan

Austronesian

Formosan

Atayalic

Atayal

Seediq

Truku

Rukaic

Rukai

Northern

Babuza

Favorlang

Taokas

Papora

Hoanya

Arikun

Lloa

Pazeh

Kaxabu

Kulon

Saisiyat

Thao

East

Amis

Kavalan

Ketagalan

Basay

Luilang

Makatao

Qauqaut

Sakizaya

Siraya

Taivoan

Southern

Bunun

Paiwan

Puyuma

Tsouic

Kanakanavu

Saaroa

Tsou

Malayo-Polynesian

Batanic

Yami

Sino-Tibetan

Sinitic

Mandarin

Taiwanese Mandarin

Junhua

Min

Southern

Taiwanese Hokkien

Teochew dialect

Eastern

Fuzhounese

Matsu dialect

Pu-Xian

Putian dialect (Wuqiu dialect)

Hakka

Taiwanese Hakka

Sixian

Hailu

Dabu

Raoping

Zhao'an

Japonic Sign

Taiwanese Sign Language

Auxiliary

Taiwanese Braille

Other languages

English

Cantonese

Wu

Shanghainese

Filipino

Japanese

Korean

Malay

Malaysian

Indonesian

Thai

Vietnamese

Yilan Creole Japanese

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yami_language&oldid=1130486711"

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This page was last edited on 30 December 2022, at 11:13 (UTC).

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