Page 210 | out of 253
3 channels between Formosa and Luzon: Bashi, Balintang, and Babuyan.
Vasayic or Bashiic group: Lan-Yu (Formosa), Itbayat, Batan, Sabtang & Ibuhos -Batanes, Babuyan – Cagayan Province.
Page 211
11 islands, only 4 are inhabited: Itbayat (biggest), Batan (second), Sabtang (third)
Batanes province: 6 municipalities: Itbayat (Mayan), Basco, Mahatao, Ivana, Uyugan & Sabtang.
Batanes Islands are surrounded by coral reef.
Page 212
Lowlands soil made of dead coral; hilly places covered with pozzolana from Mt. Iraya.
(2) Language situation
One group called “Batanese Language group” (Asai – 1936), “Bashiic Language group (Yamada – 1972, 1974)
Yami, Itbayate(en), Vasay(en = Northern Ivatan), Isamorong = Southern Ivatan) and Babuyan.
Subdialects of one language, but some are very different from others.
Page 213
Basco – not native name (Spanish general) – people call it “Vasay” => Vasayic for the languages spoken in the Bashi Channel and the Balintang Channel.
Yami = Lan-Yu (Kootoosho ~ Botel Tobago) in Formosa
Itbayat ~ Itbayaten only in Itbayat – some migrated to Manila
Vasayen – spoken in Basco (Vasay)
Isamorong – spoken in other towns in Batan and Sabtang
Ivatan = common language, Tagalog = lingua franca (because of plane service to Manila) | Ilocano – lingua franca in northern Luzon, 
Page 214
But Ilokano not throughout Batanes – but on Babuyan Island (because of boats to Luzon)
RESEARCH
Torii (1902) first scientific ethnological study | 70-day field trip 1897 – belong to Malay-Polinesian group | Yami words transcribed in KATAKANA
Page 215
Scheerer (1908) – first linguistic analysis, based on Retana (1896) | language belongs to the Philippine language group
1914 = Vocabulario Español-Ibatán
1933 – Vocabulario Ibatán-Español
1936 – Asai Ph.D. thesis on Yami
Scheerer (1908) and Asai (1936) confirm that Yami belongs to the Philippine language group.
Page 216
1958 – Cottle & Cottle – phonology
1966 – Reid Ivatan Syntax – Ph.D. thesis
1967 - Yamada
1970, 1971 – Hidalgo & Hidalgo (native speakers of southern Ivatan = Isamorong
1972a & 1972b – Yamada
1974 – Yamada
1976 – Yamada
1976 – Yamada
1979 – Moriguchi
1980 - Liu
1981 – Yamada
1981 – Jeng
Yami, Itbayat & Ivatan are different languages, in spite of a lot of common features
Cottle & Cottle (1958) and Hidalgo & Hidalgo (1970, 1971) presume Vasay & Isamorong are dialects of one language
Page 217
Yami has at least two dialects.
Comparisons of Vasay (Northern Ivatan) and Isamorong (Southern Ivatan) – Basco vs Mahatao
Data from Moriguchi (1977b, 1977c, 1982a, 1983) and Reid (1971)
Page 218
Vasay & Isamorong
CONSONANTS
	b	d	dȥ	g
	p	t	tʃ	k	[ʔ]
	v
		s			h
	m	n	ñ	ŋ
		l
		r
	w		y
VOWELS
	i		u <o>
		ə <e>
		a
ACCENT
Duration – penultimate	V: (vowel length)
Page 219
paray	rice
ʔopis	urine (female)
ʔatəp	roof
taŋkal	sled
ʔatut	fart
voyit	eastern turtledove
kombowal	boil [v]
wakay	sweet potato
ʔahbək	dust
gaddaŋ	ring (for finger)
lagaw	nape of neck
pətəg	urine: male
susoʔ	breast of woman
ʔasiʔ	meat
mahomis	cheap
vahay	house
hanəŋ	honey
malkəm	old (man)
ʔomuto	vomit [v]
dəmdəm	cloud
ŋahay	saliva
daŋoy	face
ʔahsuŋ	river
liplip	tick
ʔalit	same
ʔandə:lak	tomorrow
galagal	saw (tool)
Page 220
wanan	right (direction)
vuhawoʔ	ant
ʔaraw	sun
yamut	root
marayiʔ	far
dadayiʔ	lie, tell a lie
ʔoyud	truth
tolas	write [v]
taoʔ	human being
ʔakay	grandfather
ŋaran	name
ʔanahaʔ	ginger
ACCENT
mataʔ	eye < *maCa
ma:taʔ	raw < *ma-hataq
taoʔ	human being < *Cau
ta:oʔ	sea < *CaSaw
ti ~ či variation
Page 221
VASAY	ISAMORONG	d < *d ~ *z
batu	vatu	stone
bukuh	vukuh	wen
buuk	vuuk	hair
baŋa	vaŋa	jar
bədək	vədək	abdomen
dabibi	davivi	face ready to cry
hubay	huvay	earring
bubuh	bubuh	feather, body hair
bagu	bagu	pig
bibi	bibi	vulva
kudiba:baŋ	kudiba:baŋ	butterfly
mabsuy	mabsuy	satisfied (eating)
ayub	ayub	blanket
kakuyab	kakuyab	yesterday
aktəb	aktəb	cut [v]
danum	ranum	water
dayuy	rayuy	part
duyuy	ruyuy	coconut shell
dəkət	rəkət	wink at [v]
dayəm	rayəm	needle
kaduduway	karuruway	firefly
Page 222
VASAY	ISAMORONG	d < *l
də:kəy	də:kəy	small
kudit	kudit	skin
rida	rida	tongue
vidaŋ	vidaŋ	count [v]
kadi	kadi	dig [v]
tadiña	tadiña	ear
dima	dima	five
dawud	dawud	offing, outside
tədu	tədu	three
diway	dȥiway	move [v]
di	dȥi	not [neg]
diablo	dȥiablu	devil < Spanish
dinu	dȥinu	where? [qw]
ditəŋ	dȥitəŋ	small amount
dia	dȥia	here [deic-1]
dadȥi	dadȥi	cotton
dȥindȥiin	dȥiindȥiin	wall
didȥiaw	didȥiaw	bottle
čita	čita	look for [v]
tači	tači	excrement
čidat	čidat	lightning
dičud	dičud	back
ičan	ičan	viand, side dish
Page 223
tipuhu	čipuhu	breadfruit
tinayi	činayi	intestines
ti:ban	či:ban	observe [v]
timuy	čimuy	rain
utiyuy	učuy	egg
anti	anči	later
timbaan	čimbaan	church
Glottal stop appears phonetically at the initial or final position both in Vasay and Isamorong. But only in Vasay the sound is distinctive in medial position.
ʔasin	ʔasin	salt
ʔasuy	ʔasuy	soup
ʔasiʔ	ʔasiʔ	meat
mataʔ	mataʔ	eye
Page 224
maʔuwaoʔ	maʔuwao	thirsty
mayʔalit	mayʔalit	same
čitahən	čitahən	be looked for
mohahən	mohahən	be planted
niʔniʔ	X	rattan sp.
niʔniʔ	ñiñi	earthquake
mumuʔdan	mumudan	nose
aninu	añinu	shadow
niʔniʔ	ñiñi	earthquake
panid	pañid	wing
niyuy	ñiyuy	coconut
tadiña	tadiña	ears
ñipən	ñipən	teeth
suñit	suñit	bite [v]
Page 225
Sometimes /i/in Vasay is /ə/ in Isamorong:
agilin	agələn	mill [v]
ičit	ičət	bandage
Sometimes /ə/in Vasay is /i/ in Isamorong:
imən	imin	finish [v]
dəsdəsən	dȥisdȥisən	cowardice
/d/ before /a/ in initial positon in Vasay becomes /g/ in Isamorong
datəs	gatəs	punishment
davut	gavut	cowardice
Sporadic variations
/m/ in Vasay --- / ŋ/ in Isamorong
muditən	ŋuditən	snake sp.
/n/ in Vasay --- /d/ in Isamorong
niñiay	diñiay	sigh
/n/ in Vasay --- /s/ in Isamorong
hənhən	həshəs	roll sleeves up [v]
/n/ in Vasay --- /m/ in Isamorong
gaganan	gaganam	tuna
Page 226
/ll/ ~ /l:/ in Vasay --- /nl/ in Isamorong
illu	inlu	thread
Some nouns in Isamorong are reduplicated in Vasay
duduati	duači	earthworm
didipuwan	dipuwan	centipede
dadačan	dačan	anus
čičimit	čimit	eyebrow
kəkədwan	kədwan	armpit
damimitən	damitən	beard
ankapakapay	ankapay	ant
annupit	nupit	scorpion
waway	away	vine, rattan
Lexical variations
alukluk	aduhu	sleepy
mahən	atbəl	chilly
amulay	vu:lay	lizard
iskali:la < Spanish	ayran	stairway
lakdaŋ	iñatu	climb up
ahsuŋ ~ ayu	ahsuŋ	river
baruas	karutuŋ	agave
balensia < Spanish	kabubuag	plant sp.
kappaya < Spanish	kabbanu	papaya
kamiñao ~ vutu	hatuk	testicle
Page 227
kanamnam	karas	cleanliness
ipus	vucivut	tail
həpta	harag	throw to ground
huhusag	panəktək	wooden hammer…
katəb	asduk	coconut crab trap
TENTATIVE SUBGROUPING
Asai (1936) and Scheerer (1908) clarified that their relationship is very close and that they belong to the Philippine group in the Austronesian linguistic family.
[Asai (1936:93)] “In respect of the grammatical formants the Yami language belongs to Basco and Itbayat, in respect of the lexical affinity it belongs to Basco. Thus the Yami language is mostly closely related to the Basco dialect of the Batanese language.”
Internal subgrouping has not yet been studied.
RESOURCES EMPLOYED FOR EACH LANGUAGE
Yami < Ferrell (1969), Tsuchida (1976), Moriguchi (1976, 1977a, 1978), 
Itbayaten < Yamada (1976, 1981)
Vasay Ivatan < Moriguchi (1977c)
Ivatan – Isamorong
Ivatan – Mahatao < Moriguchi 1982a, 1982b, 1983)
Ivatan – Ivana < Moriguchi 1977b)
Ivatan – Uyugan < Moriguchi (1982b)
Ivatan – Itbud < Moriguchi (1982d)
Ivatan – Imnajbu < Moriguchi (1982e)
Babuyan < Nakamura (1978)

Page 229.
Proto-Austronesian (PAN) < Dempwolff (1934, 1937/38)
Proto-Austronesian (PAN) < Tsuchida (1967)
Similarities
These proto phonemes do not show any variation among the group.
*p	*pitu	pitu	seven
*t	*kita	čita	see; look for
*g	*giliŋ	agələŋ/agiliŋ	grind [v]
*m	*kamu	kamu	you [pro-2-pl]
*n	*nanaq	nana[ʔ]	pus
*ñ	*ñatuq	natu[ʔ]	plant sp.
*s	*susu	susu	breast of woman
*y	*iya	s-iya	he/she [pro-3-sg]
*w	*wanan	wanan	right (direction)
*q	*qubi	[ʔ]ovi	yam
*ʔ	*kaʔən	kan	eat [v]
Page 230
*H	*baHi ~ *bəHi	v<in>ayi	female
*a	*aku	aku	I [pro-1-sg]
*u	*apu	apu	grandfather
*i	*ina	ina	mother
*ə	*tanəq	tana[ʔ]	earth
*k	*kami	kami	we [pro-1-pl]
Variations
*k before /i/ > /č/
Itbayaten	Vasay	Isamorong	Babuyan	Yami	PAN
tači	tači	tači	tači	tači urine’	*taki ‘excrement’
čiray	čiray	čiray	čiray	[čičimit]	*kiday ‘eyebrow’
Note: *kilay ‘eyebrow’ is in error.
čilat	čidat	čidat	kimat	čilat	*kilat ‘lightning’
paniči	paniči	paniči	paniči	paniči	*paniki ‘bat’
čita	čita	čita	čita	čita	*kita ‘see, look’
Infix *<in> in a word beginning with /k/ >  /č/
činuxat	činuhat	činuhat	činuhat	činuwat	*k<in>ulat ‘’
*k after /i/ > /č/ in all except Yami
ličud	dičud	dičud	dičud	likud	*likud ‘back’
siču	siču	siču	siču	siku	*sikuH ‘elbow’
(iyakan)	ičan	ičan	ičan	ikan	*i-kaʔən ‘viand’
iča-	iča-	iča-	iča-	ika-	*ika- [prefix]
ičadlaw	ičaddaw	ičaddaw	kaddaw	[ikakla]	‘to love’
Page 231
Itbayaten	Vasay	Isamorong	Babuyan	Yami	PAN
tiipah	ti:paʔ	či:paʔ	či:paʔ	či:paʔ	*tipaS ‘spit’
tinayi	tinayi	činayi	činayi	činayi	*tinaqi ‘intestines’
varatinuk	valatinuk	valačinuk	[?]	varačinuk	*baratinuk ‘citrus’
timuy	timuy	čimuy	čimuy	čimuy	*timuR ‘rain wind
ittiiyuy	utiyuy	uččuy	uččuy	ičuy	*qitəluR ‘egg’
atipuxu	tipuhu	čipuhu	[?]	čipuGu	*qatipulu ‘breadfrt
agtin	agtin	agčin	[?]	agčin	*agtin ‘get down’
tilu	tidu	čidu	čidu	čidu	*tuli ‘earwax’ [met
/ti/ in some Itbayaten words becomes /či/ in other languages.
kurtib	kulčib	kulčib	kultib	X	scissors < Ilokano
titu	čitu	čitu	čitu	čitu ‘cat’	*titu ‘dog’
Zorc note: YGrp *tituʔ vs Bash&CagVal-axis *kituʔ – both are legitimate doublets, related by “shimmer” to PSP *qiduʔ and PPH *ituʔ replacing PAN *asu.
Page 232
Proto *l before /i/ becomes /d/ in Vasay & Isamorong = Batanic. Itbayaten & Yami preserve it.
Itbayaten	Vasay	Isamorong	Babuyan	Yami	PAN
kulit	kudit	kudit	kudit	kulit	*kulit ‘skin’
taliña	tadiña	tadiña	tadiña	taliŋa	*taliŋa ‘ear’
lima	dima	dima	[?]	lima	*lima ‘five’
suli	sudi	sudi	sudi	suli	*suliq ‘taro’
pili	pidi	pidi	pidi	pili	*piliq ‘choose’
kali	kadi	kadi	kadi	kali	*kali ‘dig’ [v]
kudivaavaŋ	kudiba:baŋ	kudiba:baŋ	[?]	X    |  *kulibaŋbaŋ ‘butterfly’
lisaha	disa	disa	[?]	lisa	*lisəSaaq ‘nit’
hili	ʔidiʔ	ʔidiʔ	[?]	ʔiliʔ	*Sili ‘village’
Proto *l after /i/ becomes /d/ in Vasay & Isamorong. Itbayaten & Yami preserve it.
Itbayaten	Vasay	Isamorong	Babuyan	Yami	PAN
vilaŋ	vidaŋ	vidaŋ	[?]	vilaŋ	*bilaŋ ‘count’ [v]
rila	rida	rida	rida	rila ~ dila	*dilaq ‘tongue’
ilawud	idawud	idawud	[?]	ilawud	*i-lahud ‘offing’
čilat	čidat	čidat	kimat	čilat	*kilat ‘lightning’
Page 233
Proto *l (except before of after /i/) becomes
	Itbayaten /x/ velar fricative
	Vasay, Isamorong, Babuyan /h/ glottal fricative
	Yami /G/ = [ʕ] voiced pharyngeal fricative/stop
Itbayaten	Vasay	Isamorong	Babuyan	Yami	PAN
xañit	hañit	hañit	hañit	ʕaŋit	*laŋit ‘sky’
ahxu	ahu	ahu	ahu	a:u ~ aʕu	*qaSəlu ‘pestle’
xakay	hakay	hakay	hakay	ʕakay	*lakay ‘male’
təxnan	tətəhnan	[təxnan]	‘throat’	tətəʕnan	*tələn ‘swallow’
vuxan	vuhan	vuhan	buhan	vuʕan	*bulan ‘moon’
saxad	sahad	sahad	[?]	saʕad	*sala[ZD] ‘inside’
Is there any evidence external to these languages? This appears to be a Bashiic innovation.
xataw	hataw	hataw	ičičtaw	ʕataʕaʕ	*lətaw ‘float’
vinivəx	vinivəh	[viñivəx]	[viñivəx]	viñivəʕ	*bəNbəN ‘banana’
vuxuŋ	buhuŋ	vuhuŋ	[?]	vuʕuŋ	*buluŋ ‘leaf’
waxu	wahu	wahu	[?]	waʕu	*walu ‘eight’
Proto *di or /di/ in initial position in borrowed words becomes /di/ in Itbayten and Vasay, but / dȥi/ in Isamorong, Babuyan and Yami.
Itbayaten	Vasay	Isamorong	Babuyan	Yami	PAN
dinu	dinu	dȥinu	dȥinu	wu dȥin-	*dinu ‘where?’
diya	diya	dȥiya	dȥia	dȥiya	*diya ‘here’
di	di	dȥi	[?]	dȥi	*diʔ ‘not’ [Zorc]
diablo	diablo	dȥiyablu	[?]	[?]	diablo ‘devil’ Span
Page 234
Proto *R between two /a/’s becomes /y/ in Itbayaten, Isamorong, Vasay, and Babuyan, but it becomes /l/ in Yami.
Itbayaten	Vasay	Isamorong	Babuyan	Yami	PAN
raya	raya	raya	raya	rala	*daRaq ‘blood’
kayaŋ	kayaŋ	kayaŋ	[?]	kalaŋ	*kaRaŋ ‘crab’
vayah	vayaʔ	vayaʔ	[?]	vala ‘red’	*baRaH ‘embers’
kamaya	kamaya	kamaya	[?]	kamala	*kamaRa ‘mabolo’
But in other environments it becomes /y/ in all the languages
yamut	yamut	yamut	yamut	yamut	*Ramut ‘root’
yaŋaw	yaŋaw	yaŋaw	[?]	yaŋaw	*Raŋaw ‘branch’
uyat	uyat	uyat	uyat	uyuyat	*uRat ‘vein’
Proto *d or *z becomes /d/ in Vasay, but in other languages it becomes /r/.
Ranum	danum	ranum	ranum	ranum	*danum ‘water’
rayəm	dayəm	rayəm	rayəm	rayəm	*ZaRəm ‘needle’
ruyuy	duyuy	ruyuy	[?]	[?]	‘coconut shell’
karwarway	kaduduway	karuruway	[?]	[?]	‘firefly’
rayay	dayay	rayay	[?]	[?]	‘part’
Page 235
Proto *b before or after a consonant, or at the end of a word is preserved as /b/ in all the languages.
Itbayaten	Vasay	Isamorong	Babuyan	Yami	PAN
nabsuy	mabsuy	mabsuy	nabsuy	mabsuy	*bəsuR ‘sated’
kakuyab	kakuyab	kakuyab	[?]	kakuyab	‘yesterday’
ayub	ayub	ayub	ayub	ayub	‘blanket’
Proto *b in other environments and except the words in (9-c) changes into /v/ in all the languages.
avu	ʔavuʔ	ʔavuʔ	X	ʔavuʔ	*qabu ‘ashes’
tuvatuva	tuvatuva	tuvatuva	[?]	X  |  *tubah ‘Derris elliptica’
mavuta	mavuta	mavuta 	X	mavuta	*buta ‘blind’
mavakəs	mavakəs	mavakəs	mavakəs	mavakəs	‘female’
Proto *b is preserved as /b/ in some Vasay words. It changes into /v/ in others.
vaŋa	baŋa	vaŋa	vaŋa	vaŋa	*baŋaʔ ‘pot’
vatu	batu	vatu	vatu	vatu	*batu ‘stone’
vuhuk	buuk	vuuk	[?]	əvuk	*buSək ‘hair’
vuhuŋ	buhuŋ	vuhuŋ	[?]	vuʕuŋ	*buluŋ ‘leaf’
xuvay	hubay	huvay	[aritus]	ovay	*lubay ‘earring’
Page 236
Proto *ŋ before or after /i/ becomes /ñ/ in all but Yami. Yami still keeps the proto phoneme.
taliña	tadiña	tadiña	tadȥiña	taliŋa	*Caliŋa ‘ear’
xañit	hañit	hañit	hañit	ʕañit	*laŋiC ‘sky’
ñipən	ñipən	ñipən	ñipən	ŋipən	*ŋipən ‘teeth’
pisñi	pisñi	pisñi	pisñi	pisŋi	*pisŋi ‘cheek’
hañin	ʔañin	ʔañin	‘typhoon’	ʔaŋin |    PMP *haŋin ‘wind’
Itbayaten	Vasay	Isamorong	Babuyan	Yami	PAN
ŋaran	ŋaran	ŋaran	ŋaran	ŋaran	*ŋajan
paŋa	paŋa	paŋa	‘twins’	paŋa	*paŋa
siʔduŋ	siduŋ	siduŋ	siduŋ	siduŋ	‘work together’
					*tuluŋ IRRELEV.
markəm	malkəm	malkəm	maŋalkəm	X	‘old’
uruŋ	uluŋ	uluŋ	[?]	uruŋ	*uzuŋ ‘horn’
guri	huli	huli	[?]	ʕuri	*wiRi ‘left’
pərak	pəlak	pəlak	[?]	pərak	*pərak ‘silver’
Page 237
Proto *n + *i in Yami > ñ, others no so.
panid	panid	panid	[?]	pañid	*panid ‘wing’
niyuy	niyuy	ñyuy	nyuy	anuyuy	*niuR ‘coconut’
ninih	niʔniʔ	ñiñiʔ	[?]	kañiñi	‘earthquake’
Proto *S > h in Itbayaten, disappears in others
tuhud	tuud	tuud	tu:d	əttəd	*tuSəd ‘knee’
vuhuk	buuk	vuuk	vuuk	əvuk	*buSək ‘hair’
Proto *x[1] becomes /h/ in Itbayaten and ʔ in the others. | Zorc = *S
hapuy	ʔapuy	ʔapuy	[?]	ʔapuy	*Sapuy ‘fire’
aʔsi	a:si	a:si	asi	a:si	*Sesi ‘meat
Page 238
Proto *x[3] becomes /h/ in Itbayaten and  ʔ in the others. | Zorc = *S
mahata	ma:ta	ma:ta	ma:ta	ma:ta	PMP *hataq ‘raw’
sičuh	sičuʔ	sičuʔ	sičuʔ	sikuʔ	*sikux ‘elbow’
hutək	ʔutək	ʔutək	utək	ʔətək	PMP*hutək ‘brain’
ahway	waway	away	[?]	X | PAN *Huway rattan’ [Zorc], but otherwise solid evidence for *quay in ACD. [h] in Itbayaten ahway & Puyuma Huway are the only support for a doublet with *h.

Page 239
Tentative subgrouping of the Vasayic languages
SEVEN TYPES = TABLE 1
TYPE	Itb	Vsy	Ism/Bby	Yami
TYPE I = Yami vs. other languages
k/i	ič	ič	ič	ik
ŋ/i	ñ	ñ	ñ	ŋ
aya	y	y	y	l
TYPE II = Yami & Itbayaten vs. other languages
*l	l	d	d	l
*r	r	l	l	r
TYPE III r = Itbayat & Vasay vs. other languages
*t/i	ti	ti	či	či
*d/i	di	di	dzi	dzi
*n/i	ni	ni	ñi	ñi
TYPE IVd = Vasay vs. other languages
*d	r	d	r	r
*b	v	b	v	v
TYPE V = Itbayaten vs. other languages
*ti	ti	či	či	či
*h	h	Ø ~ ʔ	Ø ~ ʔ	Ø ~ ʔ
TYPE VI = Itbayten vs. other languages
*l ~ * γ	x	h	h	ʕ

TYPE VII
*ki ~ *ti	či	či	či	či
*y ~ *R	y	y	y	y
*ŋ	ŋ	ŋ	ŋ	ŋ
*b	b	b	b	b
*b	v	v	v	v
Page 241
‘knee’	*təSəd <sic: *> > tuhud > tuud > əttud
‘hair’	*bəSək <sic: *> > buuk > vuuk > əvuk
‘child’	*mətdəx <sic: *mətdəγ] > mətdəh > mətdə:
Page 243 |  FAMILY TREE
		Itbayaten
Proto-Vasayic			Vasay

			Yami
Page 244	Itb	Vsy	Ism/Bab	Yami
*ŋ	ñ	ñ	ñ	ŋ  (i__, __i)
*ŋ	ŋ	ŋ	ŋ	ŋ  (other environments)
*R	y	y	y	l  (a__a)
*R	y	y	y	y  (other environments)
*k	č	č	č	k  (i__)
*k	č	č	č	č  (__i)
*k	k	k	k	k  (other environments)
Page 246	Itb	Vsy	Ism	Bab	Yami
*tiŋaS	tiñah	tiña	tiña	tiŋña	čiŋa
“Isamorong/Babuyan belongs to Yami.”

Page 247 |  FAMILY TREE
					Yami
					Babuyan
					Isamorong
Proto-Vasayic				Vasay
		Itbayaten