7.2.1 Batanic/Bashiic
The northernmost subgroup in the Philippines is Batanic (or “Bashiic”), consisting of Itbayaten, Ivatan and Ibatan/Babuyan spoken on the Batanes Islands off the northern tip of Luzon, plus the Yami language of Orchid Island within the national borders of Taiwan. The internal and external relationships of these languages have been studied by Scheerer and Conant (1908), Dempwolff (1926), Tsuchida, Yamada, and Moriguchi (1987), Yang (2002), Ross (2005), and Blust (2017, 2019). Included among the numerous lexical innovations defining this subgroup are 
*batah ‘say, tell’, 
*bubun ‘bury’, 
*bulək ‘belly’, 
*dalmət ‘heavy’, 
*hilak ‘white’, 
*kadam ‘rat’, 
*muhdan ‘nose’, 
*makpahad ‘bitter’, and 
*taur ‘heart’.